Page 105 - FoodFocusThailand No.222 September 2024

SCIENCE & NUTRITION

Antioxidant properties the amount of C3G, while P3G showed a high
Pigmented rice contains several antioxidants, including correlation with its anti-inflammatory properties. This
vitamin E, gamma-oryzanol, free and bound phenolic acids, study could provide valuable information to the food
anthocyanin, and flavonoids. These compounds may vary industry to determine which type of pigmented rice to
in composition. The study of the antioxidant properties of use for functional food development based on its
phenolic compounds, using the reducing power assay anthocyanin content.
technique with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Rice not only provides essential nutrients but also
reported that black rice has higher antioxidant activity than has therapeutic benefits. Rice research has received
brown and non-pigmented rice. The presence of anthocyanin much attention since rice bran contains several
in unpolished black rice contributes to its ability to prevent bioactive compounds such as γ-oryzanol, phytosterols,
oxidative stress. tocopherol, phenolic components, and anthocyanin.
Anti-proliferative and anticancer agent properties These bioactive compounds extensively provide
Currently, many studies indicate that bioactive compounds pigmented rice with therapeutic properties, including
in pigmented rice can inhibit cancer cell mobility. It was antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-diabetic,
reported that black glutinous rice exhibits the most effective antihyperlipidemic, cardiovascular protective,
antiproliferative activity. Additionally, rice bran extract is also antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective
a good source of phytochemicals that may promote properties. In the food industry, rice and its by-products,
the immune system and prevent cancer. In Thailand, the such as rice bran, rice hull, rice bran oil, and
potential of red jasmine rice extract was studied for broken rice, are the main raw materials utilized for
antiviral and anticancer. Herpes virus, free radicals, and functional foods and supplement developments. In
cancer cells seemed to be inhibited by the extract from red addition, pigmented rice can play significant roles in
jasmine rice. the pharmaceutical business to prevent and treat
Anti-diabetic properties a range of human diseases, especially some
Diabetes is one of the non-chronic diseases (NCDs) NCDs, such as metabolic disorders, inflammatory
causing the most serious health problems in the world. Many conditions, oxidative stress-related pathogenesis,
research studies have focused on using black and red and cancer.
rice to administer glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels
in diabetic patients. People with type 2 diabetes can
resist or may not produce enough insulin, so eating a lot of
white rice increases their chance of developing diabetes.
However, some studies have shown that consuming More Information Service Info C018
brown rice may be associated with a lower risk of
diabetes.
Anti-inflammatory properties
Purple rice, which has an intrinsic color ranging from
deep purple to black, is mostly found as local glutinous
endosperm types. They have a greater anthocyanin เอกสารอ้างอิง / References
concentration compared to non-glutinous rice. Major 1. Le Thi Kim Loan, Bui The Vinh, Ngo Van Tai, Journal of
anthocyanins found in black or purple rice are cyanidin- Applied Biology & Biotechnology Vol. 12 (2), pp. 36-42,
3-glucoside (C3G) and peonidin-3-glucoside (P3G). A study 2024
by a Vietnamese researcher illustrated a significant 2. Colombo F, Cappa C, Bani C, Magni M, Biella S, Restani
positive correlation between antioxidant properties and P, et al. Characterization of color, phenolic profile, and
antioxidant activity of Italian pigmented rice varieties after
different technological treatments. Food Biosci, 2023, 53
3. S Uantai B, Jantakee K, Kaewkod T, Sangboonruang S,
Chitov T, Tragoolpua Y. Anthocyanins in red jasmine rice
(Oryza sativa L.) Extracts and efficacy on inhibition of
herpes simplex virus, free radicals, and cancer cells.
Nutrients 2022, 14.
4. Suwannasom N, Thepmalee C, Khoothiam K, Thephinlap
C. Evaluation of anti-hyperglycemia and complications
of red and black Thai Jasmine rice cultivars in
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Molecules 2022, 27.
5. Supapohn Yamuangmorn and Chanakan Prom-u-Thai,
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Jun; 10(6), pp. 833.

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