Page 39 - FoodFocusThailand No.158 May 2019

SPECIAL FOCUS

The working principle of the instrument is to เอกสารอ้างอิง/References
use the NIR light-wave on the sample. Then, the Angelika Gratzfeld-Hüsgen and Rainer Schuster, (2001). HPLC for Food Analysis, Agilent Technologies
product samples will absorb the energy-wave and Company, Printed in Germany, 134
H. Krishna Iyer, (1972). Method of Sensory Evaluation of Quality and Application of Statistical Methods in
cause the vibration of the molecules in the sensory evaluation problem with the special reference to fishery products, Control Institute of Fisheries
functional groups in two different ways: stretching Technology, 10, p.104-108
and blending. The frequency range, overtones and Katherine A. Bakeev, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Process Analytical Tool, Part I: Laboratory Appli
cations, Spectroscopy, 18(11), November 2003, p. 32-35, http://www.spectroscopymag.com/
combination of functions of O-H, C-H, N-H and spectroscopy/article/ articleDetail.jsp?id=74624
O=H, which are the major molecules of organic Ohloff, G., in Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, eds. W. Herz, H. Grisebach and
G.W. Kirby, Springer-Verlag, New York, (1978), vol. 35, p. 431.
substance. If the molecular structure of the testing Rijkens, F.; Boelens, H., Proceedings of the International Symposium Aroma Research, Zeist, Pudoc,
sample is complex, the spectrum will be more Wageningen, (1975), p. 203.
overlapped. When analyzing these spectra, it is Szabó P. Balázs, (2012). Sensory evaluation in food industry, Élelmiszerbiztonság és gasztronómia
vonatkozású egyetemi együttműködés, DE-SZTE-EKF-NYME , projekt segítségével jött létre, p. 1-32
necessary to distinguish and show specific www.nirapplication.blogspot.com/2008/03/nir-spectrometer.html
characteristics by using mathematical and www.freshplaza.com/article/2150131/nir-technology-guide-to-quality-mango
www.bsc.dip.go.th/th/category/quality-control/qs-qualitycheck
statistical methods (Chemometrics) to find the www.th.asia-topwin-inspection.com/info/aql-28859457.html
mean rate.
NIR Spectroscopy has been applied to examine
raw materials and products in a variety of forms,
for example, to distinguish objects such as
Excipients substance or water-containing
substances, an identifying the ripeness of each
mango, an identifying of polymorph in the drug's
compounds in the form of tablets, an analysis of
particle size during the granulation process those
samples.
The above information is just an example of
how to check the quality in the production line. In
fact, even though the organization uses effective
tools or high resolution if there have no efficient
plan for sampling products from the production
line, the results of the inspection or testing may
not be a good representative for confirming on the
quality of products or raw materials.

The sampling quality inspection on
food products and raw materials can
be classified into two types as follows:
1. Screening Inspection is a 100 percent
inspection of goods. This method is simple and
commonly used for inspections that do not damage
the product in order to find defective from the
production process such as the inspecting on the
labels of every food product or containers which
has put on important messages such as allergen,
how to eat or consumed which is correct and match
with each package, or checking weight of every
product in 100 percent to ensure that every product
has the correct weight.
2. Sampling Methods From Each Lot
Sampling products in each lot is a method to avoid
100 percent inspection methods in the mass
production at a time, which is called a lot such as
raw materials that are delivered to each factory at
a time or finished products produced in each period
or each day, which are considered as one lot model,
instead of checking every piece. It will randomly
select some pieces in each lot for inspection only
and have criteria for deciding whether to accept or
reject the raw material or finished product in the
lot. The criteria may be based on criteria from AQL
(Acceptable Quality Level), which means
acceptable quality level which is a very effective
sampling plan.

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